| |
| Bhartiya
Chronology 3228 BC - 1947
By clicking
on the links in the chart, you will find a
brief description.
| |
| (AD) |
| 25-85
|
Shalivahan,
established Shalivahan Shak era in 78 AD |
| 85-1192
|
There
were several kingdoms of Rajpoot kings all over
India. They ruled for 1,107 years. |
| 1192-1757
|
In
1192, Mohammad Gori invaded Delhi (Hastinapur) the
second time, defeated and killed Prithviraj Chauhan, and
became the king. Since then several dynasties of
Muslims ruled India for 565 years. |
| 1757-1947
|
In
1757 English regime was established in Bengal.
British ruled India for 190 years. |
| 1947 |
India
got Independence |
 |
| 3228
BC – Descension of Bhagwan Krishn
|
According
to the “Surya Siddhant” the astrologers have calculated
that kaliyug started on the afternoon of 17th
February, 3102 BC. In the Bhagwatam, Brahma tells
in round figures that Krishn remained on this
earth planet for 125 years |
 |
Accordingly,
if 125 years is added to February, 3102, it comes
to February 3227 BC. But Krishn’s descension was
in the Rohini nakcÝhatra (asterism)
of the 8th waning moon midnight of bhadon
(August) which is about seven months earlier.
Thus, His descension date is 3228 BC
and He stayed on the earth planet for 125 years
and about 7 months. |
|
|
| 3139
BC – The Mahabharat War
|
| The
Pandavas, after winning the Mahabharat
war, ruled for 36 years and 8 months until the start of
kaliyug in 3102 BC. Accordingly, the date of
Mahabharat war comes to 3139 BC. |
|
| 3102
BC – Beginning of Kaliyug
|
| The
famous Aihole inscription of glorious Chalulaya
King Pulkeshi II of the 7th century says, |
 |
| It
means, “3,735 (30 + 3,000 + 700 + 5) years have
already elapsed in kaliyug |
after the Mahabharat war, and 556 (50 + 6 + 500)
years of Shalivahan era is running (on this date
of engraving this inscription).” The inscription
says that 3,735 years of kaliyug had
already elapsed. It means the 3,736th year of
Kali era was running in the Shak era 556 AD which
was 556 + 78 = 634 AD. Thus, deducting 634 from
3,736 comes to 3102 BC. (For more evidences read
Mahabharat
- 3139 BC).
|
|
|
| 3139–83
BC - The Magadh Dynasties
|
| The
authority of the Bhagwatam is taken to determine the
dates of the dynasties of the kings of Magadh up to
the Andhra dynasty. There were nine dynasties that ruled
Magadh after the Mahabharat war (3139 BC). They were:
21 kings in Brihadrath dynasty (1,000 years), 5 in Pradyot
(138 years), 10 in Shishunag (360 years), one King Mahapadm
Nand along with his 8 sons (100 years), 10 Maurya (137
years), 10 Shung and 4 Kanva (457 years), and 30 kings
of Andhra dynasty for 456 years (Bhagwatam 9/22/46-49,
12/1/1-28). The ninth one is Gupt
dynasty. There were seven kings in the
Gupt dynasty with total reigning period of 245 years
(Kaliyug Rajvrittant, Bhavishyottar Puran).
The
reigning period of 10 Maurya kings, shown only for 137
years, appears to be much less as compared to the reigning
period of the other kings of Magadh. Apart from the
Mauryas, 81 kings in the other seven dynasties ruled
for 2,511 years which give an average of 31 years per
king. It appears to be a copying mistake while writing
the period of Maurya dynasty. Probably, instead of 317
it was mistakenly written as 137, because the Kaliyug
Rajvrittant gives the figure of 316 years for 10 Maurya
kings. However, 300 years in round figures for the Maurya
dynasty has been taken.
|
|
| 1894–1814
BC – Gautam Buddh
|
According
to the Buddhist records, Gautam Buddh was already 72
years old at the time of Ajatshatnu’s coronation; it
means that he was in his 73rd year at that time. Shishunag
dynasty’s period is 2001 BC to 1641 BC. The first five
kings of Shishunag dynasty, Shishunag to Bindusar, ruled
for (40+36+26+40+38) 180 years. Then Ajatshatnu became
the king and ruled for 27 years. Accordingly, 2001 BC
(-) 180 = 1821 BC is the coronation year of Ajatshatnu.
Adding 73 years (the existing age of Gautam Buddh at
that time) to 1821 BC comes to 1894 BC. Thus, the date
of birth of Gautam Buddh is 1894 BC and his nirvan
year is (1894-80) 1814 BC. He was born on Vaishakh full
moon day which is March/April. |
|
| 1541–1507
BC – Chandragupt Maurya
|
Magadh
was the fourth dynasty after the Mahabharat war (3139
BC). Chandragupt Maurya was the first king of the Maurya
dynasty. His mother’s name was Mur, so he was called
Maurya in Sanskrit which means the son of Mur, and thus,
his dynasty was called Maurya dynasty. A pious, learned
and determined brahman, Chanakya, also known
as Kautilya, who didn’t have a pleasant appearance but
had an intelligent brain, managed to terminate the existing
King Mahapadm Nand and his eight sons and made Chandragupt
the King of Magadh who was also the legitimate heir
of the throne. The total period of the four dynasties
including the Nand dynasty after the Mahabharat war
is 1,598 years (1,000 + 138 + 360 + 100). Thus, the
coronation date of Chandragupt Maurya comes to 3139
- 1598 = 1541 BC. Chandragupt Maurya ruled for 34 years
(1541-1507 BC), his son Bindusar ruled 28 years (1507-1479
BC) and his grandson Ashokvardhan ruled for 36 years
(1479-1443 BC). |
|
| 509–477
BC – Jagadguru Shankaracharya
|
The
most efficient documentary evidence of Shankaracharya’s
period is the carefully preserved date-wise list of
all the succeeding Shankaracharyas who sat on that religious
throne which was established by Adi (the original) Shankaracharya
thousands of years ago; and that list goes back up to
477 BC. Adi Shankaracharya lived only 32 years so his
birth date is 477 + 32 = 509 BC. He had established
four maths. (Math is a religious throne,
which is used as a center for propagating dharm,
and whoever sits on that throne, holds the title of
Shankaracharya.) In his last days, Adi Shankaracharya
lived in Kanchi Kamkoti so it is also considered as
a math. Dwarika Sharda Math and Kanchi Kamkoti
Math both have the complete date-wise record of all
the succeeding Shankaracharyas for the last 2,500 years,
but the records of Kanchi Math are more detailed.
Shankaracharya, after establishing the four maths
and spreading the greatness of Sanatan Dharm, came back
to South India and, for the last four to six years of
his life, he lived in Kanchi Kamkoti. Thus, Kanchi Kamkoti
is also called the fifth math. Thus, according
to the records of Kanchi Kamkoti Math, Adi Shankaracharya
was born on 2593 Kali era and left this earth planet
on 2625 Kali era which comes to (3102 - 2593) 509 BC
and (3102 - 2625) 477 BC. |
|
The
Gupt dynasty was the ninth Magadh dynasty. There were
seven kings in the Gupt dynasty: (1) Chandragupt Vijayaditya
(ruling period 7 years), (2) Samudragupt Ashokaditya
Priyadarshin or Ashok the Great (51 years), (3) Chandragupt
II Vikramaditya (36 years), (4) Kumargupt Mahendraditya
(42 years), (5) Skandgupt Parakramaditya (25 years),
(6) Nrasinghgupt Baladitya (40 years) and (7) Kumargupt
II Vikramaditya (44 years). The total reigning period
was 245 years. After the downfall of Gupt dynasty the
kingship of Magadh ended and it went under the subordination
of Vikramaditya of Ujjain (Malva). |
|
| 102
BC–15 AD – Vikramaditya and Start of Vikram era in 57
BC
|
Vikram
era started in 57 BC by Vikramaditya the Great
as a commemoration of his victory upon the Shaks.
There is plentiful literature on Vikramaditya,
and in the Bhavishya Puran itself there are descriptions
of Vikramaditya in more than 40 chapters between
Pratisarg Parv I and IV. Pratisarg Parv IV, chapter
1 of Bhavishya Puran says that after the elapse
of a full 3,000 years in kaliyug (3102
- 3000 = 102 BC), a dynamic Divine personality
was born who was named Vikramaditya. Bhavishya
Puran further says that the great King Vikramaditya
ruled for one hundred years. When he was only
five years old he went into the jungles to worship
God. After twelve years, when he came out, God
Shiv sent for him a celestial golden throne which
was decorated with thirty-two statues. According
to the above descriptions Vikramaditya lived for
(5 years + 12 years + 100 years) 117 years (102
BC - 15 AD).
Kalidas, the greatest poet, writer and the literary
figure of his time, living a pious life and sincerely
devoted to his scholarly work, was one of the
nine gems of King Vikram’s court. The “Jyotirvidabharnam”
by Kalidas tells in its first chapter |
that Vikram era started at the elapse of (agni
3, ambar 0, yug 4 and ved
4 = 3,0,4,4) 3,044 years of kaliyug.
Thus, the 3,045th year of kaliyug was
the beginning of Vikram era which is 57 BC. At
the end of Jyotirvidabharnam, Mahakavi Kalidas
mentions the exact date of his writing and says
that |
 |
in
the Kali era 
3067 he had started to write this book. It means,
he wrote that book when 3,067 years of kaliyug
had passed. That comes to 35 BC (3102 - 3067 =
35), which is after the beginning of Vikram era.
Thus, Vikramaditya was born in 102 BC (3102-3000),
established his ‘era’ in 57 BC and left
this earth planet in 15 AD. |
|
|
| 25–85
AD – Shalivahan and Start of Shalivahan Shak era in 78
AD
|
| Detail
of the kings of Pramar dynasty up to King Bhojraj as given
in the Bhavishya Puran (Pratisarg Parv IV chapter one)
states Vikramaditya, son of Gandharv Sen, reigned up to
15 AD. Vikramaditya’s son Deobhakt ruled from 15-25 AD
and his grandson, Shalivahan, ruled from 25-85 AD. Shalivahan
established his era in 78 AD. It is called the Shalivahan
Shak era. |
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